Introduction to wildlife ecology questions.

Short notes, explanation and brief discussion

1. Differentiate between an ecological niche and a habitat
2. With some examples, explain five different ecological niches which are used by various animals to avoid competition
3. As part ecological interaction, explain the three types of symbiosis in any given community using common examples.

Based on cellular organizations, organisms are grouped into with and without membrane bounded nucleus. Furthermore, their mode of feeding has grouped these organisms into five important Kingdoms of life. List these Kingdoms and in each case give some important characteristics, including mode of feeding.

Autecology is the study of the life history and the response to its environment of a single individual.

Sponges are simplest form of animal life found in the Phylum Cnidaria, living in water, with pores, are filter feeders and have no symmetry.

The animal development are varied and include body plans such as acoelomates; the animals with a body cavity completely surrounded by mesoderm.

Organisms closely related to an ancestor will resemble that ancestor more closely than they resemble distantly related organisms. Thus, analogy is the resemblances that result from a common ancestry whereas, homology result from convergent evolution.

The phylum Annelida include worms whose body is divided into segements.

In many Chordates, pharyngeal cleft develop into slits that open to the outside of the body and serves as supension feeding structure as well as gaseous exchange.

Invertebrate sub-phylum`s include members of amphioxus, acorn worms and tunicate with over 2,270 species worldwide.

Nunataks are forms of refugia including pockets of various size that were not covered during the advancing glaciers, thus served as islands where fauna and flora could survive during a period of glaciation.